2023

EVBattPredtect – Dynamical predictive protection of electric vehicle battery health

The project is focussed on application of estimation and predictive control in electric vehicle battery system and vehicle dynamics control in order to protect the electric vehicle battery from a premature degradation while minimally deteriorating the car driveability. Batteries are one of the most expensive and weakest links in electric cars, and it is necessary to ensure their exploitation in the vehicle in conditions that degrade them as little as possible. The need for the greatest possible energy recovery during braking and the best possible dynamic performance of the vehicle exposes the batteries to stress that violates their integrity in a currently uncontrolled way.
The main goal of the project is to develop a software module for battery protection of an electric vehicle and the way of its integration with the vehicle dynamics management system. The module dynamically limits the battery charge / discharge current and the air conditioning of the battery compartment in order to limit the rate of battery degradation with the least possible impact on the dynamic performance of the vehicle.

The project is carried out in close collaboration with industry partner Rimac Automobili that develops and produces electric sports cars, drivetrains and battery systems.

The project is funded from the call Strengthening R&D and Innovation Potentials (STRIP) through the Operative Programme Competitiveness and Cohesion for Croatia in period 2014-2020. The STRIP call was launched by the Croatian Ministry of Science and Education.

 

SmartCityLight – Intelligent and Modular Platform for Management and Monitoring of City Lighting

City lighting is among dominant infrastructure in cities where modernisation is one of the most cost effective investments from techno-economic perspective of energy efficiency. The project aims at developing centralized and distributed model predictive control algorithm and electronic controllers with wireless communication for predictive and autonomous adjustment of lighting intensity based on various micro-location external factors in the city (energy consumption, pedestrian and road traffic intensity, climate conditions) that achieves significant energy savings, reduces investment costs, increases safety and enables integration of various city infrastructure with additional diagnostics capabilities and a strong potential for creating smart city foundations.

The project aims to achieve 20% of operational costs reduction and 30% of investment cots reduction of city lighting, experimentally validated in a living lab.

The project is carried out in close collaboration with industry partner LED-Electronica, the producer of 15.000 city LED lamps annually, corresponding controller and communication electronics, cloud-based software platform for monitoring and control, and various services – and with over 60 references of successful implementations.

The project is funded from the call Strengthening R&D and Innovation Potentials (STRIP) through the Operative Programme Competitiveness and Cohesion for Croatia in period 2014-2020. The STRIP call was launched by the Croatian Ministry of Science and Education.

 

DESMe – Development of an expert system for measuring lightning strike parameters on Wind Turbines

One of the priority goals set by the Europe Strategy 2020 si achieving an adequate level of renewable energy production. The Republic of Croatia has excellent natural predispositions for wind energy production. Existing and potential locations for the construction of wind farms are located in almost the entire coastal area. However, one of the basic problems of this production are lightning strokes on wind turbines and, consequently, the damage that is manifested through production downtime and their repairs. The aim of this project is to carry out research and development procedures with the aim of designing an expert system for measuring the parameters of lightning strokes and improving the protection of wind turbines from lightning strokes to reduce failures and downtime.

The project is funded from the call Strengthening R&D and Innovation Potentials (STRIP) through the Operative Programme Competitiveness and Cohesion for Croatia in period 2014-2020. The STRIP call was launched by the Croatian Ministry of Science and Education.

 

UKUS – Universal communication and control system for industrial plants

The project goal is to develop an app that integrates communication and control modules, aiming at increasing the efficiency of industry facilities (focus is on power facilities). The communication module stores the data on the facility in a central database. The data are used to optimize specific processes using special algorithms integrated into the app. The advantage toward the existing solutions is the universality of the app as it will enable a communication to all industry protocols. The app also includes an efficient data acquisition, complex analyses over data and access of other systems to the collected data.

The project is carried out in close collaboration with industry partner Brodotehna that design and implements control systems for industrial, power and transport facilities.

The project is funded from the call Strengthening R&D and Innovation Potentials (STRIP) through the Operative Programme Competitiveness and Cohesion for Croatia in period 2014-2020. The STRIP call was launched by the Croatian Ministry of Science and Education.

 

ADRION TRAINEE - Adrion Transnational Master In Renewable Energy

The renewable energy sector in Adriatic Region is on the rise. A mindful and up-to-date approach to renewables can also unlock marginal areas' potential and ensure equitable energy access. Still, without proper expertise, this growth puts the value and identity of landscapes at risk and, generally, the provisioning of key nature goods and services.
To avoid pitfalls and reap the benefits, various strategies must work in parallel: technological development, academic research, capacity building, and policy design. The cultural and mental shift required is significant and needs to be fast and effective. To tackle these challenges, ADRION TRAINEE raises multidisciplinary competencies and skills on the topic of Renewable Energy by designing a joint “Master’s Degree in Renewable Energy” (in English). It contributes to laying down the basis for enhanced cooperation between EU and IPA countries, as the support to the EU enlargement process while encouraging the effective use of future EU funds for research and innovation in renewable energy.
The project is supported by the Interreg ADRION Programme, funded under the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and IPA II fund.

 

INUKING - Development of an innovative software solution for centralized monitoring and control of a critical infrastructure in commercial and residential buildings

 

 

The aim of this project is to develop an integrated system for centralized monitoring and control of critical infrastructure systems in residential and commercial buildings. Critical infrastructure systems include system of heating, ventilation and air conditioning, lighting, power supply, fire protection, fire alarming, video surveillance and access control. Named subsystems are dominantly installed as separate systems in buildings and thus their control is considerably complex since each should be controlled separately, and thereby the possibilities for their communication and interaction do not exist. Since belonging to the same building they should constitute a unified whole for technical surveillance of electrical and mechanical installations in the building.

 

CEGLog – Collaborative Elastic and Green Logistics

The project is focused on developing different optimization modules for delivery routing, vehicle packing and capacity decision-making based on historical and real-time data. CEGLog aims to establish a cloud-based platform for last-mile logistics management based on mixture of various optimization approaches such as heuristic, evolutionary, complex networks and Markov processes, but also convex optimization and linear programming. The decisions are made in a modular and predictive way with future estimation of internal and external conditions acquired by applying machine learning and neural networks to historical data, which is accumulated by project partner (delivery company) over several years. Modular approach enables flexibility of the particular case, minimising the implementation time for the selected case studies while the predictive modules are coordinated to achieve additional and synergic cost savings, energy efficiency and greenhouse gasses reduction.

The project is carried out in close collaboration with industry partner GDi for industry focused business process software and data solutions with a wide range of related professional services, training and support in the area of Operations Support Systems (OSS), Decision Support Systems (DSS) and Cloud Computing and Geoinformation Systems (GIS) and a great focus on intelligent assets, operations, resources and smart data.

 

SUPEER – A system for control of electrical energy consumption in households

In the electrical energy system production of electrical energy and its consumption must be in balance for maintaining the system stability and the system voltage frequency. Maintaining the balance in real time is the task of the transmission system operator (TSO). Households do not have the possibility to participate in system balancing since a technology platform for their participation does not exist and such a platform is planned to be developed within this project. It will enable the TSO to balance the system and diversify its balancing options by controlling the consumption of multiple small consumers. The system for control of electrical energy consumption in households will be based on mathematical models and machine learning and will offer needed flexibility to the TSO in an automated way, without infringing the comfort.

 

T-LOGIC – Intelligent Management of Vending and Micro Market Logistics

The project aims at establishing autonomous virtual manager in vending machines logistics including vending machines, delivery, warehouse and capacities. The management system is targeted as a cloud-based platform, utilizing artificial intelligence and machine learning on historical data, mixture of various optimization approaches such as heuristic, evolutionary and convex optimization with experimental verification on large number of real local and international vending machines, delivery routes and warehouses. Modular approach enables flexibility and prompt application to a particular case while the predictive modules are coordinated to achieve additional and synergic cost savings, energy efficiency and greenhouse gasses reduction.

The project is carried out in close collaboration with industry partner INTIS, the producer of Televend vending machines products and services - a team of over 100 vending enthusiasts that want to carry traditional vending business into the future of connected smart machines.

 

AgroSPARC – Smart and Predictive Agriculture for Resilience to Climate Change

 

AgroSPARC logo

Actual and upcoming climate changes will evidently have the largest impact on agriculture crops cultivation in terms of reduced harvest, increased costs, and necessary deviation from traditional farming. The project goal is to develop mathematical models of different growth stages of wheat by applying the artificial intelligence and utilize it for prediction of crop development and harvest. Analysis of the big data will be carried out with respect to various climate conditions, artificially created and permuted in the prototyping chambers, and corelated with plant development identifiers in different growth stages. The models will be publicly and interactively used through a portal for prediction of plant development in real and hypothetical climate conditions, with accumulated and archived feedback from farmers as additional data for tuning of the developed models.

 

ZaCjel – Protection of Structural Integrity in Energy and Transport

 

 

By strengthening the capacity of partners and conducting scientific research, this project aims to develop a comprehensive system of supervision and management of dynamically loaded structures to preserve their integrity, ie to prevent damage and extend its functionality. The development of innovative methodology includes optimization of sensor system monitoring, diagnostics of damagesmario in laboratory conditions, experimental research of fatigue properties of materials and development of inverse and statistical models, structural similarity theory, numerical algorithms for estimating structural fatigue and allowable loads, and control systems permitted operating modes. After the validation of the methodology on laboratory models and the real construction of the Končar wind turbine, the procedure of intellectual property protection over the developed methodology and commercialization of the project results will be initiated. As a partner in the project, FER will design ways of automatic control using methods of mathematical optimization and computer geometry that are non-invasively added to existing algorithms and preserve the integrity of the structure, and the applicant FSB and partner Faculty of Civil Engineering in Rijeka deal with methods management bases. The project leader at FER is prof. dr. sc. Mario Vašak.

2022

DanuP-2-Gas - Innovative model to drive energy security and diversity in the Danube Region via combination of bioenergy with surplus renewable energy

 

The Danube Region holds huge potential for sustainable generation and storage of renewable energy. However, to date this region is highly dependent on energy imports, while energy efficiency, diversity and renewables share are low. In line with the EU climate targets for 2030 and the EUSDR PA2 goals DanuP-2-Gas will advance transnational energy planning by promoting generation and storage strategies for renewables in the Danube Region by coupling the electric power and gas sector. DanuP-2-Gas will bring together energy agencies, business actors, public authorities and research institutions via the Danube Energy Platform. Based on the platform developed during DTP project ENERGY BARGE it will incorporate all pre-existing tools and i.a. an Atlas, mapping prior unexamined available biomass and energy infrastructure. Further, a pre-feasibility study utilizing an optimization tool for efficient hub design will identify suitable locations for sectors coupling hubs and combination of two idle resources in the Danube region. Unused organic residue (e.g. straw) will be processed to biochar for easy transport along the Danube River and as basis for synthesis gas generation. Adding hydrogen produced from surplus renewable energy allows to upgrade this syngas to renewable natural gas. This will enable storage of surplus energy in the existing gas distribution grid increasing energy security and efficiency. All needed resources are available in the Danube region and the 10 partner countries. Thus, a transnational approach along the main transport route (Danube River) to share these resources is the key. The legal framework influencing the concept will be assessed on individual country level, leading to a transnational strategy with national roadmaps for simple implementation. Finally, impact of DanuP-2-Gas will be ensured via trainings on the developed tools and workshops elaborating future projects and business models with interested stakeholders.

 

Development of a System for Predictive Control and Autonomous Trading of Energy in Buildings

 

Current tendencies in the Danube Region (DR) to integration of energy-efficiency (EE) measures and renewable energy (RE) are not followed by EE&RE adequate interactions to enable cost-optimal operation of the building as a whole. Distribution system operators (DSOs) are reluctant in allowing additional capacities of intermittent RE in the grid as they engage investments into the grid and a costly reserve for secure operation. DSOs are interested in introducing coordinated energy exchange with prosumers through dynamically changing conditions, e.g. via optimized price profiles for netto energy exchange. Currently neither of the countries in the DR has regulatory/technology framework developed for inception of building-grid cross-spanning energy management schemes.
The main objective of the 3Smart project is to provide a technological and legislative setup for cross-spanning energy management of buildings, grids and major city infrastructures in the DR. It will provide optimal economical value to EE&RE investment in the building and optimized costs on the grid side and motivate installation of distributed storages for improving energy security in the DR.
The project outputs are: (i) Modular software tool for energy management on building and distribution grid side, (ii) Five pilot actions in different DR countries including buildings and grids with intersected technology/regulatory setups and (iii) Strategy to enable city-wide energy management at the regulatory level in the DR.
Main target groups are regulatory energy agencies/ministries (for updating regulatory set-up), DSOs and suppliers (improving grid effectiveness), local authorities and regional energy agencies (reducing RoI for investments in RE&EE); R&D institutions (new modules development).
Major innovative moment is in vertical two-way synchronization through all the modules via simple interfaces to attain optimal operation of the buildings and the grid, and easy modules add-on to the existing systems.

 

Store4HUC – Integration and smart management of energy storages at historical urban sites

 

It is challenging to provide a low carbon energy supply in cities in a style of energy storages. Especially in historical urban centres it is very difficult to achieve these results, because interventions in this specific area meet strict architectural protection constraints, involve higher implementation costs and often come in conflict with town planning policies. Therefore, the main objective is to improve and enrich energy and spatial planning strategies targeting historical city centres by focusing on integration of energy storage systems to enhance the public institutional and utility capabilities. The pilot actions implemented in specific sites will demonstrate the various energy storages that can be adapted and transferred to other local or regional environments. The storages will provide good show-cases to the local authorities which can benefit in sense of improved energy efficiency and increase usage of renewable energy sources and lower costs for energy. The transnational strategy will provide the recommendations for improving the energy and spatial planning. The energy management tool will enable to monitor all features that proof the effectiveness of the pilot installations. Additionally, the autarky rate tool will indicate the economic and reasonable utilisation of storages. By establishing the stakeholder deployment desk Store4HUC will reach the relevant players to share the knowledge and also transfer it to other additional audience. It will enable to gain wider consensus of the pilot instalment and further tool usage, especially with the signed memorandums of the future tool utilisation. The project approach foresees also peer review actions, mutual learning within project consortium and exchange of experiences and knowledge with target groups what can enhance the transnational added value. Innovative energy storage installation and storing of renewable energy sources determines the innovative aspect of Store4HUC.

Projects ended before 2020

3SMART - Smart Building – Smart Grid – Smart City

3Smart logo

Current tendencies in the Danube Region (DR) to integration of energy-efficiency (EE) measures and renewable energy (RE) are not followed by EE&RE adequate interactions to enable cost-optimal operation of the building as a whole. Distribution system operators (DSOs) are reluctant in allowing additional capacities of intermittent RE in the grid as they engage investments into the grid and a costly reserve for secure operation. DSOs are interested in introducing coordinated energy exchange with prosumers through dynamically changing conditions, e.g. via optimized price profiles for netto energy exchange. Currently neither of the countries in the DR has regulatory/technology framework developed for inception of building-grid cross-spanning energy management schemes.
The main objective of the 3Smart project is to provide a technological and legislative setup for cross-spanning energy management of buildings, grids and major city infrastructures in the DR. It will provide optimal economical value to EE&RE investment in the building and optimized costs on the grid side and motivate installation of distributed storages for improving energy security in the DR.
The project outputs are: (i) Modular software tool for energy management on building and distribution grid side, (ii) Five pilot actions in different DR countries including buildings and grids with intersected technology/regulatory setups and (iii) Strategy to enable city-wide energy management at the regulatory level in the DR.
Main target groups are regulatory energy agencies/ministries (for updating regulatory set-up), DSOs and suppliers (improving grid effectiveness), local authorities and regional energy agencies (reducing RoI for investments in RE&EE); R&D institutions (new modules development).
Major innovative moment is in vertical two-way synchronization through all the modules via simple interfaces to attain optimal operation of the buildings and the grid, and easy modules add-on to the existing systems.

 

3CON - Control-based Hierarchical Consolidation of Large Consumers for Integration in Smart Grids

Buildings and railway traffic systems are examples of complex technical systems that consume significant energy amounts so as to enable their inner processes to evolve as required. Thereby the requirements on dynamic functioning of these systems can be achieved by different system interactions, whereas some of them are more preferable than the others from the standpoints of energy consumption or other criteria like price of operation or equivalent pollution.

The global objective of the project 3CON is to research and develop optimal control techniques on significantly different large consumers – building systems and railway traffic systems – in conceptually identical way: by applying the principle of hierarchical decomposition of systems and cooperative optimal controls between the hierarchy levels. Computed energy consumption profile on the lower level directly maximizes the global economic gain of the system operation in the presence of system constraints (e.g. allowed temperatures or fixed train travelling time). This finally enables the proactive role of these largest consumers in energy grids of the future (smart grids). The project is coordinated by Assoc. Prof. Mario Vašak, PhD.

 

POC-DAWN - Proof of Concept for Damping Generator Vibrations and Large Wind Turbine Noise by Advanced Control of Power Converters

The project investigates technical realization possibility for reduction of common torque and speed oscillations of wind turbine generator that occur due to variable air-gap, non-homogenous magnetic material of stator and rotor, production imperfections, inherent or fault-induced asymmetries and other characteristics caused by real machine physics and geometry, all of which are summed into the term anisotropy. With compensation of oscillations by forming the corresponding power converter voltage references, the concept significantly reduces generator vibrations that are further reflected on the whole wind turbine in the form of expressed noise and enhanced structural loads. 

Proof of concept will determine technical possibilities of identification and compensation of wind turbine generator anisotropy and level of reduction of corresponding negative effects by using the power converter control signals. Required modifications to the existing conventional control system will be investigated for modular design and implementation to already existing or new wind turbines.

The project encompasses the followig activities: (1) identification and modeling of generator anisotropy, (2) experimental verification of control concept for generator anisotropy compensation, (3) concept extension for all common wind turbine generator types, (4) protection of potentially emerged intellectual property, and (5) analysis of existing similar solutions in the area and establishment of commercialization strategies.

 

DYMASOS – Dynamic Management of Physically Coupled Systems of Systems

 

 

“DYMASOS - Dynamic Management of Physically Coupled Systems of Systems” addresses large interconnected systems with autonomously acting sub-units, i.e. systems of systems, where the elements of the overall system are coupled by flows of physical quantities, e.g. electric power, steam or hot water, etc. Within the project, new methods for the distributed management of large physically connected systems with local management and global coordination will be developed.

Three principal control methodologies are being investigated: (i) population-control techniques that are motivated by the behavior of biological systems, (ii) market-like mechanisms that try to achieve global optimality by the iterative setting of prices or resource utilization constraints, and (iii) coalition games, where agents group dynamically to pursue common goals.

This FP7 funded project started in October 2013 and lasts for three years. Research related to this project is being carried out by researchers at the Department of Control and Computer Engineering and Department of Electric Machines, Drives and Automation of University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, and University of Zagreb Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, coordinated by Assoc. Prof. Mato Baotić.

 

FER-KIET – Advanced technologies in power systems and railway vehicles

Advanced technologies in power systems and railway vehicles (FER-KIET) project has the main goal of creation of new knowledge and technologies with commercial application to power systems and railway vehicles. Project is performed as collaboration between Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing and industrial partner Končar - Electrical Engineering Institute (KIET).

The project focus is: Component model of system for temperature measurements in power systems by using optically distributed sensory and power supply concept for sensors of rotational machine from surrounding energy. System for observing changes in battery behaviour during the microgrid operation and system for anticipation of accessability of renewable energy sources on over the horizon of free weather forecasts. Platform for systematic installation of microgrids adjusted for specific technical needs and conditions. Modulation method of the diode-coupled three-level inverter for voltage distortion reduction of neutral point at the front of inverter and for balancing losses of power electronic switches. Method for delay time compensation of three-level inverter and voltage drops on power electronics switches. Efficient energy saving of regenerative tram breaking to chosen energy storage and algorithm for energy exchange among multiple storages. Application for detection and monitoring of obstacles in front of the driving tram.

 

UrbanWater – Intelligent Urban Water Management System

 

Improving the efficiency of water management in Europe has been recognised by the European Commission as essential for overcoming the growing exposure of European countries to water scarcity and droughts. UrbanWater proposes a platform that will enable a better and end-to-end water management in urban areas, accounting for 17% of fresh water consumption in the EU.

Scientific and technological challenges focused in the project are: To effectively estimate water demand in urban areas in order to efficiently manage water supply chains. To reduce waste of water and economic losses associated to leakages in the urban water distribution network. To smoothen daily water demand daily peaks in order to allow distributors to save costs related to the urban water distribution networks’ management. To guarantee efficient and secure computational data management on the base of smart grids’ recent and upcoming deployments in Europe. To reduce operating and maintenance costs associated with water metering and billing in urban areas. To incentivise urban household’s to reduce current consumption and soften the current European water demand peaks, side-by-side with decreasing their own water expenditures. To build effective partnerships and develop innovation synergies between equipment providers, ICT companies and water distributors.

ENHEMS-Buildings – Enhamcement of Research, Development and Technology Transfer Capacities in Energy

Energy audits result in static models of energy demands needed in order to maintain acceptable comfort conditions in buildings. In reality building energy consumption usually shows significant deviations – the reason for this is the building comfort control in dynamically changing inner and outer operative conditions of the building. Predictive control techniques will in the optimal way gather the whole building dynamic model with available information on meteorological conditions and forecast into an algorithm of energy-efficient building control.

Global trend of energy prices rise puts buildings into focus, as technical systems responsible for 40% of energy consumed by mankind. Major research endeavours are performed globally in different technical areas which can contribute to buildings’ energy-efficiency. Information-communication technologies (ICT) have a prominent role in this as they enable incorporation of different technological solutions into a unique system adaptable to the buildings itself and different modes of its use.

The action Enhancement of Research, Development and Technology Transfer Capacities in Energy Management Systems for Buildings (ENHEMS-Buildings) aims to fill the gap in Croatian ICT base within the area of all-inclusive energy-efficient control of comfort in buildings, and unlocks the development possibilities for own competitive solutions. In order to accomplish that, ENHEMS-Buildings joins contributions in optimal and predictive control, meteorology, open building automation systems and telecommunication systems. That is accomplished through cooperation of the action partners and associates – University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing (FER, the applicant), Meteorological and Hydrological Service, Elma Kurtalj Ltd. and Hrvatski Telekom d.d.

 

Will4Wind – Weather Intelligence for Wind Energy

Dedicated state-of-the-art wind and wind forecasting system designed for the specific and challenging wind climate in Croatia is the focus of Will4Wind project. The overall objective of the project is to increase the wind energy share in Croatia's electricity consumption through science and industry/business partnership resulting in improved a wind energy management. To make an impact and contribute to the main goal, several specific objectives were designed: enhance ALADIN wind prediction capabilities to support the safe and efficient integration of wind power plants into the electric power system; assess the upgrade of performance of the advanced wind prediction system and predict the associated day-to-day forecast uncertainties; integrate the improved wind prediction technology into the forecasting and wind energy management processes; raise awareness about weather-related research results and identify key joint research and development priorities for the benefit of the Croatian industry in the wind energy sector.

An innovative wind forecast system is developed using measured data, numerical weather forecast models and neural networks. Upgrading the performance of the innovative prediction system is evaluated for several wind power plant locations. Wind forecasts are integrated into the wind energy management process by establishing online access to local wind forecasts through web and mobile applications, thus enhancing the management of the national electric grid, as well as the operation of individual wind power plants. The project coordinator at UniZG-FER is Assoc. Prof. Mario Vašak, PhD.

 

PoCWTGFTC – Proof of Concept for Wind Turbine Generator Fault-tolerant Control

The project is focused on verifying technical realisation and on patenting of protected intellectual property entitled Generator fault-tolerant control for a variable-speed variable-pitch wind turbine (US 8,928,165 B2). The key characteristics of the intellectual property in question is an autonomous reaction on the diagnosed fault of the wind turbine generator that enables to stop the fault from spreading while enabling as much as possible energy production of an acceptable quality. Control methods tolerant to rotor bar faults of squirrel-cage induction generators, as well as methods tolerant to stator winding isolation faults are developed. In both cases the corresponding protection is applied based on modulation of electromechanical quantities in the electric machine for evading a stress on the fault location. The project is coordinated by Assoc. Prof. Mario Vašak, PhD.

 

CEEStructHealth – Centre of Excellence for Structural Health

 

Centre of Excellence for Structural Health project aims at increase of competence of the Croatian Higher Education Institution (HEIs) and industry in the areas of structural integrity, monitoring and the control of dynamically loaded engineering structures. The objective of the project is to establish the centre of excellence for structural health analysis and to establish cooperation between the involved HEIs and industry for mutual benefit, with a significant involvement of students. By achieving the stated objective, the final beneficiaries, such as future students, community and national economy in general, will be supported, since knowledge growth and the increased competence of students and engineers will lead to the overall enhancement of economy and society.

In the project scope, the knowledge and expertise of four interdisciplinary research groups will be combined, including three partners from two Universities and one associate coming from the business sector (KONČAR-Electrical Engineering Institute, Inc.). During the project, extensive research on the KONČAR-Wind Turbine of 2.5 MW will be conducted in order to develop an advanced wind turbine control system.

 

ACROSS – The Centre of Research Excellence for Advanced Cooperative Systems

The project Centre of Research Excellence for Advanced Cooperative Systems (ACROSS) aimed at unlocking and strengthening the research potential of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing of the University of Zagreb (UNIZG-FER) in the area of cooperative systems related to robotics, networked embedded systems and renewable energy systems. Possible applications of such cooperative systems are numerous: advanced flexible manufacturing, renewable and sustainable energy generation, home and office automation, transport, logistics, environmental monitoring, healthcare, security and surveillance, human augmentation, etc. The ultimate goal of ACROSS is to create a Centre of Research Excellence for Advanced Cooperative Systems within UNIZG-FER, envisioned to be at the forefront of research and development of novel methodologies and advanced engineering approaches for cooperative systems.

MICROGRID - Optimization of renewable electricity generation systems connected in a microgrid

The ever increasing electrical energy demands, limited fossil and nuclear fuel reserves, climate change, the national desire for energy independence and diversification of energy sources, thrust in the first plan distributed production of electric power from renewable sources as a key element in achieving sustainable development. The main problem in the usage of renewable electrical energy sources (REES) is their intermittency, which leads to problems in regulation of the power system. This problem exists both on a local production/storage/consumption level and on the power system level and becomes more pronounced with the increasing contribution of REES in the total energy production. A natural solution is to derive a coordinated and dynamic planning strategy for production/storage/consumption of electric power. With a local information and power-connection of REES, energy storage facilities, and consumers in a system – a microgrid – one can control resulting energy flows while considering techno-economical criteria and the local energy yield forecast. Solution of such problems – via optimization for microgrid design and control – can significantly improve the integration of REES on both the local and the utility grid level.

 

MONGS - Monitoring of Wind Turbine Generator Systems

In the past years renewable energy sources like wind energy have gained much attention due to global warming and the scheduled reduction of CO2 emissions. To keep the efficiency of the energy conversion process of wind turbines at or near its optimum value all system components have to be continuously monitored. The most critical and vulnerable components are the gearbox as well as different generator components like windings or bearings. On-line fault detection of inverter controlled generators and mechanical components are usually based on special sensor systems and evaluation instruments which makes these systems expensive and thus usually not profitable in wind turbines. The classical approaches of online condition monitoring methods like current signature analysis are not applicable as the dynamic operation, pulse width modulation and the switching transients of the power electronics devices add additional harmonics and measurement noise to all sensor signals.Operation of wind turbines was investigated to identify possible fault indicators based only on the sensors already available in the power inverter. The research covered the whole electrical power conversion process: from the control algorithms for optimal adaptation to dynamic changing wind speeds to considerations on how the system energy efficiency is reduced by emerging fault conditions of different components and to a practical verification of the detection system on a reduced scale generator system.

 

MultiWind – Multi-criteria Wind Turbine Control

The project was focused on research and development of methodologies for advanced control of the next generation wind turbines with higher unit power (5-10MW). Simulation models for wind turbines with the purpose of wind turbine operation analysis and control system synthesis were developed, which furthermore present the building elements of an integrated wind farm model. Research of advanced wind turbine control methods was performed with emphasis on: optimal rotor speed and generator power control in different weather conditions, reduction of wind turbine structural loads, fatigue reduction, short-term prediction of changes in weather conditions – temporal and spatial wind profile – and adaptation to such changes. Finally, a systematic methodology for the control system synthesis with respect to performance demands and subject to energy and construction limitations was developed with experimental validation on laboratory wind turbine.

 

Aeolus

A key socio-economic challenge for Europe is: how to deal with a climate change, while meeting rapidly increasing demand for energy and ensuring security of supply? Wind energy can be a significant part of the answer. The new frontier of the wind industry is large-scale offshore wind farms. While promising, considerable research and development tasks remain to be carried out before it reaches its full potential in terms of the efficient, stable, safe, predictable and controllable supply of energy. Closed loop control of wind power installations has historically been decentralized and a collection of wind turbines in farms is a highly complex system with interdependencies through the shared resource, the wind. Wind turbines are affected by the wind but they also changes the wind field within the farm through the control. To address objectives related to cost, quality of power and mechanical loads, models and control paradigms must be developed that allow wind resource allocation to individual turbines.

Inspired by the industrial case of complex large-scale distributed offshore wind farms, the Aeolus project aimed at research and development of models that allow real-time predictions of flows and incorporate measurements from a set of spatially distributed sensor devices. In Aeolus, the flow information was used as a basis for new control paradigms, centralized and distributed that acknowledges the uncertainty in the modelling and dynamically manages the flow resource in order to optimise specific control objectives. The model and control principles were used for control of a wind power farm to increase energy quality and reduce the fatigue loads. The usefulness of our techniques was validated on a case study and by physical experiments on a scaled wind power farm.

 

MZOS 2007 – Advanced control and estimation strategies in complex systems

Limitations of conventional control methods are painfully obvious when one tries to use them in complex systems such as power engineering and transport systems, which are characterized by the presence of nonlinearities, constraints and coupling of dynamic variables, as well as in the case of discrete-event systems and systems with variable transport delay. For that reason we are currently witnessing an intensive research of the advanced control methods, such as robust, optimal and predictive control based on the mathematical model of the system, sliding mode control, and intelligent control, all of which are increasingly used in control of complex systems. Similar observation can be made about the state and parameter estimation problem, since there is no unified technique for the state estimation of nonlinear systems. Basic assumption of this project is that by using the above mentioned advanced control strategies, together with the modeling, identification and estimation of the system states and parameters one can approach the problem of control of complex technical systems in power engineering, transport and industrial plants in a methodologically unified way, ensuring their good and reliable operation, and optimal use of available resources. The general aim of our research is to improve the expertise and scientific competence, increase the level of acceptance of the new ideas in control of complex systems, and to give our own contribution to the development of those ideas, especially in deriving a unified methodological approach to the modeling and control of complex dynamical systems. This will create a scientific base for the research, development and implementation of advanced control strategies that will improve the performance and safety of complex systems, thereby affecting the industrial productivity, product quality and energy-efficiency with the final goal – increased competitiveness in the world market. Applicability of the results of our research is very broad: power engineering, transport systems, variety of industry sectors, etc. An extensive experimental testing on laboratory plants is planned in order to validate the methodological research and to encourage the application of developed control and estimation algorithms. Furthermore, developed methods will be practically tested in: (i) rail vehicles, (ii) wind power plants and (iii) Croatian electric power system.